Time And Culture Essay Example For Students

Time And Culture Essay In The Dance of Life: The Other Dimension of TimeAnthropologist Edward T. Hall entitles his first chapter Time asCulture. An extreme stance perhaps, especially given the potency ofnatures rhythms, but it is instructive of the extent to which experiences andconceptualizations of time and space are culturally determined. Unlike the restof natures animals, our environment is primarily man-made and symbolic inquality. As Bronowski observed in The Ascent of Man, instead of being figures ofthe landscape, like antelopes upon the African savanna, we humans are theshapers of it. Geographical space and natural time are transformed into socialspace and social time, around whose definitions human beings orient theirbehaviors. For instance, instead of being governed by the natural rhythms of thesun and seasons, our behaviors are governed by such cultural temporalities aswork schedules, age norms, and by the open hours of shopping malls. We will write a custom essay on Time And Culture specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Culture is a shared system of ideas about the nature of the world and how (andwhen) people should behave in it. Cultural theorists argue that culture createsminds, selves and emotions in a society as reliably as DNA creates the varioustissues of a living body. Culture also creates the rhythms of a society thatecho within the very biology of its members. Observes Irving Hallowell(Temporal Orientation in Western Civilization and in a Pre-LiterateSociety, American Anthropologist 36, 1955), It is impossible to assumethat man is born with any innate `temporal sense. His temporal concepts arealways culturally constituted (pp. 216-7). A 1974 study by William Condonand Louis Sander showed that within a few days, infants flex their limbs andmove their heads in rhythms matching the human speech around them. By the time achild is three months old he has already been temporally enculturated, havinginternalized the external rhythms (called Zeitgeber, meaning timegiver in German) of his culture. T hese rhythms underlie a peopleslanguage, music, religious ritual (the Buddhist mantra, for instance, is notonly ones personal prayer but ones personal rhythm), beliefs about post-mortemfate, and their poetry and dance. These rhythms also serve as a basis ofsolidarity: humans are universally attracted to rhythm and to those who sharetheir cadences of talk, movement, music, and sport. Thus socio-cultural systemscan be likened to massive musical scores: change the rhythm such as putting afuneral dirge to a calypso beatand you change the meaning of the piece. Cultures differ temporally, for example, in the temporal precision with whichthey program everyday events (ask any American businessman trying to schedule ameeting in the Middle East) and in the ways various social rhythms are allowedto mesh.

Free Essays on Fascism

Fascism and its Political Ideas Fascism is a form of counter-revolutionary politics that first arose in the early part of the twentieth-century in Europe. It was a response to the rapid social upheaval, the devastation of World War I, and the Bolshevik Revolution. Fascism is a philosophy or a system of government the advocates or exercises a dictatorship of the extreme right, typically through the merging of state and business leadership, together with an ideology of aggressive nationalism. Celebrating the nation or the race as an organic community surpassing all other loyalties. This right-wing philosophy will even advocate violent action to maintain this loyalty which is held in such high regards. Fascism approaches politics in two central areas, populist and elitist. Populist in that it seeks to activate "the people" as a whole against perceived oppressors or enemies and to create a nation of unity. The elitist approach treats as putting the people’s will on one select group, or most often one supreme leader called El Duce, from whom all power proceeds downward. The two most recognized names that go along with Fascism are Italy’s Benito Mussolini and Germany’s Adolf Hitler. The philosophy of Fascism can be traced to the philosophers who argue that the will is prior to and superior to the intellect or reason. George Sorel, Friedrich Nietzsche, and Georg Hegal are main philosophers who’s beliefs and ideologies greatly influenced the shaping of Fascist theory. Sorel (1847-1922) was a French social philosopher who had a major influence on Mussolini. Sorel believed that societies naturally became decadent and disorganized. This decay could only be slowed by the leadership of idealists who were willing to use violence to obtain power. Nietzsche (1844-1900) theorized that there were two moral codes: the ruling class ( master morality) and the oppressed class (slave mor... Free Essays on Fascism Free Essays on Fascism Fascism and its Political Ideas Fascism is a form of counter-revolutionary politics that first arose in the early part of the twentieth-century in Europe. It was a response to the rapid social upheaval, the devastation of World War I, and the Bolshevik Revolution. Fascism is a philosophy or a system of government the advocates or exercises a dictatorship of the extreme right, typically through the merging of state and business leadership, together with an ideology of aggressive nationalism. Celebrating the nation or the race as an organic community surpassing all other loyalties. This right-wing philosophy will even advocate violent action to maintain this loyalty which is held in such high regards. Fascism approaches politics in two central areas, populist and elitist. Populist in that it seeks to activate "the people" as a whole against perceived oppressors or enemies and to create a nation of unity. The elitist approach treats as putting the people’s will on one select group, or most often one supreme leader called El Duce, from whom all power proceeds downward. The two most recognized names that go along with Fascism are Italy’s Benito Mussolini and Germany’s Adolf Hitler. The philosophy of Fascism can be traced to the philosophers who argue that the will is prior to and superior to the intellect or reason. George Sorel, Friedrich Nietzsche, and Georg Hegal are main philosophers who’s beliefs and ideologies greatly influenced the shaping of Fascist theory. Sorel (1847-1922) was a French social philosopher who had a major influence on Mussolini. Sorel believed that societies naturally became decadent and disorganized. This decay could only be slowed by the leadership of idealists who were willing to use violence to obtain power. Nietzsche (1844-1900) theorized that there were two moral codes: the ruling class ( master morality) and the oppressed class (slave mor... Free Essays on Fascism Fascism is looked down upon by most people throughout the world. I personally believe fascism to be an evil approach of control and domination of people. In the anthology titled â€Å"An Introduction to the Politics and Philosophy of Jose Ortega Y Gasset† by Andrew Dobson, Dobson writes an article about Ortega being accused of being a Spanish Fascist. That is a very serious accusation despite the fact that Ortega had written several anti-fascist essays. Dobson writes a few quotes from Ortega that can be accused of Fascist-like remarks, but that is not what Ortega tries to get across. I believe a proper definition of Fascism needs to be stated to show what exactly Fascism is. Fascism is a system of government marked by centralization of authority under a dictator, stringent socioeconomic controls, suppression of the opposition through terror and censorship, and typically a policy of belligerent nationalism and racism. One of Ortega’s statements that led to the accusation was â€Å"In a country torn apart by dissentions, force is justified in bringing people together if their prejudices work against ‘historical necessity.’ Against them, the only effective thing is the power of force, grandiose historical surgery.† (p.99) I believe this statement definitely supports a Fascist theme to a degree. On the other hand, Dobson shows an entire letter that was written by Ortega expressing his disgust towards Benito Mussolini and his Fascist ways of government. It is a complete contradiction. Ortega is not attempting to be Fascist at all. When he ma kes comments as shown above, he intends it to rally people together as a country. I agree with Dobson’s interpretation of Ortega’s work. Ortega is simply trying to restore a little morale with his fellow countrymen during World War II. A few years ago, a football coach of mine once said similar things about using force and being brutal, in turn, his remarks inspired my team to go out and win t...

Hum M3 sha Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Hum M3 sha - Essay Example According to Branden, values shape individual behavior and are responsible for the social make-up of an individual (34). In addition, they represent the beliefs of what is considered morally correct or upright. Values distinguish between what is good or bad. Values are not in-born, they are learned from peers. Such a learning process explains how human beings acquire values. Animals do not learn, but their actions are shaped by nature and the environment. Values are a significant part of how human beings view emotions. Branden convincingly argue that values are responsible for individual’s self-esteem (40). In addition, self-esteem controls one’s ego, hence shaping thoughts and feelings. An average score of 1.0 in the dominant values indicates a modest perception of power across a broad range of values. On the other hand, a higher score (34) is achieved by assessing cognitive empathy. Such a score is an indication of understanding the thoughts, feelings, and situation of others. The score on cognitive empathy is supported by an almost similar score (32) on emotional empathy to indicate the sensitivity of other peoples’ thoughts, situation, and feelings. The dispositional mood scale indicates a strong personality in that, positive attributes achieve a high score whereas negative attributes achieve a low score (Positive energy 4.5, relaxation 4.4, negative arousal 1.5, and tiredness

Gender Violence Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Gender Violence - Research Paper Example The disparity reveals that women define violence in broader terms than men, thus creating a gap between the genders in the way in which they perceive aggressive acts. This disparity can contribute to social study on the topic of violence between the genders, in particular, violence against women, in learning how best to inform and educate on the topic of violence. In addition, social policy can be framed according to an understanding of these gaps so that more effective results in ending violence against women in order to have a more satisfied population. Differences in the definition of violence between men and women Introduction This study was conducted with the purpose of understanding the ways in which differences are observed in defining violence between men and women. Men, typically seen as a more aggressive gender, provide a contrast to the way in which women see violence. Women typically are put on alert when any aggressive action is made by a man, while men often do not inte rpret an aggressively physical action as violence. This difference may be due to the way in which men engage in sports in comparison to women or through the wider space of vulnerability that women experience in comparison to men. Studying the ways in which men and women perceive violence will allow for a greater framework for society to determine how to respond to physically aggressive actions in society. ... Through examining the results of both the qualitative and quantitative study, a discussion was made about the issue of violence and the way in which it is perceived by both genders. Research questions help to narrow the way in which a study is approached. The following research questions will be used to frame the topic of study: 1. What is the definition of violence for men? 2. What is the definition of violence for women? 3. How does a man respond to violence? 4. How does a woman respond to violence? 5. What factors contribute to the differences about the perceptions of violence between men and women? Through exploring different aspects of these questions by creating a survey instrument that studies concepts that lead towards the answers of the research question, the research can become meaningful in regard to the hypotheses. The following hypotheses provide for a null hypothesis and its alternative for which the research will be conducted. Hypotheses Null Hypothesis: Men and women define violence differently and therefore experience physically aggressive behavior differently. Alternative Hypothesis: Men and women define violence the same and therefore experience physically aggressive behavior the same. Literature Review Anderson and Taylor (2008) suggest that the inequality between genders can be explained through frameworks of sociological theories which include functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interaction. Anderson and Taylor (2008) state that functionalists belief that male roles as instrumental and female roles as expressive. Functional theory supports static roles for the genders, thus creating conflict with feminists who believe that static roles are limiting to women. The organization of social roles contributes to the inequality

MANAGINGPEOPLE&ORGANISATIONS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

MANAGINGPEOPLE&ORGANISATIONS - Essay Example The transition from bureaucratic phase to post -bureaucratic phase involved diminishing emphasis on formalised internal control mechanism and organization structure. This organizational transformation represents wider cultural, economic and social development along with the fast changing technology, which has also modernized the production techniques. It is very important for the organizations to focus on the outcomes and results as it would help in achieving competitive advantage. The next portion of the study would be reflecting whether the employees only focus on the salary, wages paid etc. It would provide justifications whether to accept this view or not. Empowerment to the Employees in Post-bureaucratic Phase The study tries to show whether getting money at the end of the month is the ultimate goal or objective of the employees and this requires highlighting several factors that are associated with the motivation, goals and objectives of the employees. The reason behind the tra nsitional phase from bureaucratic to post-bureaucratic organizational structure has also been discussed earlier. The transition focused on the work culture, which would ultimately improve the outcomes of the organization (Josserand, Teo and Clegg, 2006). ... This would positively impact the performance of the organization. Empowerment is the most important component in the post-bureaucratic phase. It reflects awarding authority or power to those employees who are lower in the organizational hierarchy. This intention of empowerment in this post -bureaucratic phase has been done for creating a work environment where the employees of the organizations would be the decision makers. This would involve awarding the employees with the authority to make various decisions so that they begin feeling a sense of personal identification and individuality. However, the fundamental concept behind this empowerment was that it would allow the business in flourishing fast. The empowerment would allow the organizational employees in functioning without high managerial governance and would increase the organizational performance. It is so because the human element is highly responsible behind disintegration of the potential. The idea of empowerment is for a llowing the employees to make decisions based on their own knowledge, expertise and experience. This would statistically increase the overall efficiency of the organization. However, empowerment and reward by promoting to higher level hierarchy would enable the employees to implement their leadership skills. These act as high motivational factors for the employees, enabling them to be loyal to the organization and give their best. This gives them a scope to rise in the hierarchy level by proving their excellence. The leadership skills are big reasons of motivation to the employees and they work hard to prove themselves in order to experience this skill. Getting liberty to take own decisions and handle several business situations give them high satisfaction and this

A Response To Peter Singer

A Response To Peter Singer In Famine, Affluence, and Morality, Peter Singer discusses that people are dying in Bengal from a lack of food, shelter, and medical care. Singer discusses in detail how poverty and war have created a large number of refugees that require millions just to keep them alive. Singer claims that countries and nations like Australia and Britain have given a considerable amount of assistance, but what has been given is not nearly enough. Singer believes that we have an obligation to prevent misfortunes such as, starvation or poverty, from occurring so long as it doesnt require us to sacrifice something equally as important. To reiterate, Singers main argument is, if it is in our power to prevent something very bad from happening, without thereby sacrificing anything morally significant, we ought, morally, to do it (Singer, p. 231). Singer responds that starvation in Bengal could be greatly reduced if everyone decided to pitch in. Singer opens his article with his example of a drowning child. To summarize, the scenario involves a person walking by a child who is drowning. Singer questions whether to go in after the child and get our clothes muddy, or to allow the child to drown. The vast majority of people would agree that one would have an obligation to save the drowning child. This can be related to Singers main argument, as one would have the power to prevent the child from drowning and getting ourselves dirty is not sacrificing anything equally significant. Singer also brings to light that whether there were other bystanders around while the child was drowning, even if they werent helping to save the child, one would still be morally obligated to save the child. Singers counter-argument is that we are more likely to help those that are close (the drowning child) then help those that are far away (starving refugees in Bengal). Singers response is that distance is irrelevant in what we should morally do. Sin gers example is simple and purposeful, and it leads us into the rest of his article. Peter Singer discusses a sense of equality, and how if we accept equality as part of our morality, then we cannot say that someone far away is not in need based on proximity and distance alone. After all, someone suffering in Bengal versus someone suffering in California should be viewed the same, right? Singer feels there are human fallacies with regards to the way we think. In his eyes, we are less likely to give to those that are far away regardless of how badly they need it. According to Singer, we need to evaluate how we help others that are far away. However, we need to be morally obligated to our families and our own country (our own poor, starving, homeless, etc), and it makes perfect sense that we will help those that are close in proximity. If we spent all of our extra money on those that live far away and forgot about those in need in our own country, how is that living up to Singers main argument of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦without sacrificing anything more significant? Singer resp onds by stating that donating is not a charity, but a duty. It is our duty to assist those in need. Singer provides a second counter-argument against the drowning child and the Bengal refugees. In the example of the drowning child, there is only one person to help but in the example of the refugees, there are millions upon millions to provide help. Singer responds to this by writing that regardless of whether you are the only one, or there are millions, it doesnt lessen your obligation to help. A third counter-argument presented by Singer regards famine. If everyone who could help, and still live within their means, gave a fixed amount of money in an attempt to prevent the famine then that is all wed be obligated to give. People who could only afford a fixed amount would donate the fixed amount while people who could afford much more than the fixed amount would still only be morally obligated to donate the fixed amount. Singers response is that this is a skewed way of reasoning, because people who can afford more should give more while people who can afford a little only give a little. Singers concept of marginal utility, as written by Singer (1972) himself is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the level at which, by giving more, I would cause as much suffering to myself or my dependents as I would relieve by my gift. (p. 241). Singer continues to say, This would mean, of course, that one would reduce oneself to very near the material circumstances of a Bengali refugee. (p. 241). This relates to Singers main argument because the amount of help that is needed in Bengal and other countries is so great that it is highly unlikely that amount of assistance will ever be provided. In his article, Singer states The traditional distinction between duty and charity cannot be drawn, or at least, not in the place we normally draw it. (p. 235) Singers concept of duty is what we are morally obligated to do, and his concept of charity is giving money to a charitable cause but because of how charity is viewed there is nothing wrong with not giving. His concepts later change in his article when he discusses that his argument cannot support people in developed nations living an affluent lifestyle should enjoy giving money to those in need. If I was able to reach out to Singer and respond to his article, I would tell him that people are not morally required to do as much as he is asking of us. If we did exactly as Singer wanted, and that would be to quit our jobs and work full time to put an end to poverty and starvation, where would that leave us? Everybody involved in this full time effort would drop everything they were doing in order to meet the goal of ending starvation. Critical breakthroughs in science and technology would cease to exist because wed all be pitching in towards the goal. If there was an instance of choosing to do donate to the relief of starvation, which would probably yield excellent results, and choosing to do something that you wanted, which might yield good results, Singer would object and state that choosing to donate to the relief of starvation is our moral duty. Of course, there is no definitive way of knowing whether donating to the relief of doing something that we really wanted would be more or less beneficial than the other. Instead of donating, I might want to research and experiment more into a cure for HIV, while someone else may want to learn a second language or learn advanced physics. The point is that we dont know what everyones exact interests are, and therefore, we cant say whether it would be beneficial to donate over doing something we wanted to do. I would end my response to Peter Singer with an open-ended, yet thought provoking question: With regards to your moral duties, how much are you giving to charity and what have you done to prevent bad things from occurring, Mr. Singer? In conclusion, Singer is correct in his article. Humans should do more than we do to help those in need, regardless of their proximity or distance. However, I think Singer is overly exaggerated in his views and humans should not do as much as he expects us to do. It simply doesnt work.

Beauty And The Beast :: essays research papers

Have you ever heard something go thump in the night? Do you believe in monsters? In the movies "Beauty and the Beast" and "E.T.", the monster like characters the captured the hearts of viewers of all ages. They both involve two characters that are thrusted into lifestyles that they are not used to. The beast and E.T were both unique creatures, had close relationships with humans, and were great works of fiction. In both stories, "Beauty and the Beast" and "E.T.", the main characters are unique creatures are forced into a human society, which does not always accept them for who they are. Society, in general, is against both creatures; school children tease and mock Elliot about his new extra-terrestrial friend, and the townsfolk in "Beauty and the Beast" attempt to kill the Beast for not being human. Nobody relates to either character, seeing as they are both â€Å"freaks† in their respective time periods and locations. Nobody accepts them as being different; both characters are thrown out of society like a couple of lepers for not being like everybody else. Also, they are both in unique situations, the Beast because he used to be a human, and was turned into an evil beast by a magic spell, and E.T. was from another planet, and had no intention of ever coming to earth or meeting Elliot. Both characters are very unique in the society in which they were thrust, and neither one has anyone like him to go to or latch onto for understanding and support. Both the Beast and E.T. found one person on earth who accepts them for who they are. Although the Beast captures Belle, she learns to love him and understand his situation; she becomes his one true friend in a society which hates him for who what they think he is. Elliot discovered E.T. in his closet, and due to the fact he had no other real friends, naturally accepted the alien. From their initial meeting, E.T. and Elliot became the closest of friends in the film; in fact Elliot was E.T.’s only human friend. Other than those two humans, nobody else attempts to understand where either creature comes from, and as a result, no one befriends them. In addition, both E.T. and the Beast come from great works of fiction, having no fact behind their stories but both being created for no purpose other than pure entertainment.

Health and safety Essay

1Understand own responsibilities, and the responsibilities of others, relating to health and safety in the work setting 1.1 identify legislation relating to general health and safety in a health or social care work setting Health and Safety at work act of 1974, it ensures that the employer, the employee have responsibilities to ensure that a good level of safety is attained in the workplace. The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1992, which supports the health and safety act. The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations (COSHH) which ensures safe storage and usage of any substances that could harm other workers or service users. The Manual Handling Regulations of 1992, which sets out methods and requirements to be met when manually handling objects, as well as people. The Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1985 (RIDDOR) outlines what is required to be recorded and reported. Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulat ions (PPE) 1992 Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations (LOLER) 1998 see more:explain why it is important to have secure systems for recording and storing information 1.2 describe the main points of the health and safety policies and procedures agreed with the employer The main points of health and safety policies and procedures largely centre on standards that must be upheld in order to create a safe place of work, and also to ensure that somewhere meets all legislation requirements when it comes to things like COSHH, where all harmful substances must be locked away while not in use, and not left around when being used if the worker leaves the room, even for a moment. When handling harmful substances or when administering medication or giving personal care the correct PPE equipment must be worn that is supplied by the employer, such as disposable gloves and aprons. When moving and handling a service user that requires specialised equipment two workers must be present and fully trained to move the service user, manual handling regulations 1992. 1.3 outline the main health and safety responsibilities of: – self – the employer or manager – others in the work setting Self- Health and safety responsibilities that pertain me as the support worker are to maintain any important care procedures, which refer to the policies and procedures once again, but most things do as they outline the ways in which things must be done, this includes attending any training. Health and safety responsibilities include other things such as making sure any activities are done safely, as well as the use of any equipment or materials to be handled with care, minimizing the risk of injury or harm to myself and others, including other staff and service users. If on occasion someone is harmed/hurt then I am to record and report it appropriately, even if it is just a concern. Employer/Manager- Their responsibility is to ensure that every member of staff understands their obligations towards health and safety, and that there are methods in place to allow the employee’s to operate under it. Including keeping enough stock of necessary equipment required to avoid injury, damage or wastage, and not charge for any PPE or first aid facilities. It is also the manager’s role to assess any existing risks and create ways to minimise them, and to provide training on health and safety. Others- All other company support workers, agency, maintenance, nurses, GPs, visitors must adhere to all policies and procedures set out by the management and follow all health and safety protocol. 1.4 identify tasks relating to health and safety that should not be carried out without special training Handling and administering medication/drugs/substances, especially harmful. Manual Handling Using hoists and slings Clinical waste disposal Cooking, food preparation Handling cleaning products, chemical substances 1.5 explain how to access additional support and  information relating to health and safety Speaking to the team leader/manager or by going on the internet and searching for the question you seek the answer for. You could read a book that covers that part of health and safety such as course workbooks. It can be attained by attending any training relating to health and safety, and as always information can be found in the companies policies and procedures. 2 Understand the use of risk-assessments in relation to health and safety 2.1 explain why it is important to assess health and safety hazards posed by the work setting or by particular activities It is important to assess health and safety hazards posed by the work setting or by a particular activity in order to prevent risk of injury to oneself, fellow colleagues and services users. 2.2 explain how and when to report potential health and safety risks that have been identified I would report any potential health and safety risks that have been identified immediately to my line manager both verbally and by written report if necessary. If there is an health and safety risk putting myself or anyone else in immediate danger then I would call 999 and ask for the appropriate emergency service, such as a fire. 2.3 explain how risk-assessment can help address dilemmas between rights and health and safety concerns Risk assessments can help address dilemmas between rights and health safety largely by making the individual, whether that be a service user or a member of staff aware of the risks that exist. For example if someone in a wheelchair who has a partial ability to walk is  feeling discriminated against by not being allowed to walk somewhere unassisted, (it might be wet floor inside or perhaps it could be icy outside) then explaining the reasons behind persuading the use of a wheelchair is for their own safety, and that it is not a decision that even rests in your hands, helps break the dilemma he/she had concerning his/her rights as an individual, and also serve his own health and safety needs. Because it makes the service user aware of the carers responsibilities, and the behind the risk assessments is to keep people safe and not to discriminate for any reason. 3 Understand procedures for responding to accidents and sudden illness 3.1 describe different types of accidents and sudden illness that may occur in own work setting Both service users within my work setting do not have the capability to recognise illness at its earliest occurrence or describe any ill feelings and therefore when the illness comes to show itself on skin, oral areas or eyes the illness can be at a serious stage. As well as everyday accidents such as tripping, falling, cutting oneself with a kitchen knife etc. there are specialised equipment such as hoists that could malfunction during the moving of a service user with possible harm to the service user and staff. 3.2 outline the procedures to be followed if an accident or sudden illness should occur Firstly I must deal with the accident or illness with an appropriate response level. If there has been a loss of limb, head wound, loss of consciousness or loss of breath I will call 999. If there is no immediate risk to life I will call the GP or district nurse and describe the situation clearly allowing them to give guidance on the situation. If the accident is minor and can be resolved by myself immediately such as applying a plaster I must do so. In the occurrence of any serious illness or accident I must record it in the appropriate file clearly stating what occurred and what actions I took and then sign and date it. 5 Be able to move and handle equipment and other objects safely 5.1 identify legislation that relates to moving and handling Manual Handling Operations Regulations, which governs how people manually handle objects and large items as well as people, and tries its best to ensure a safe method for every type of foreseeable movable object. Health and Safety at Work Act 1974, which makes injuries and accidents far less likely by making the workplace safe, and that when any injuries are incurred by staff or service users then it is reported and reasonable action is taken. 5.2 explain principles for moving and handling equipment and other objects safely Make sure the area in which the objects are being moved is clear of any trip hazards. Avoid any hazardous manual handling. Adhering to the requirements of any risk assessments in place. Check any equipment to be used is in good working order before using it. Use the equipment properly and safely, while adhering to the agreed ways of working. Using the proper techniques and methods of work, taught in manual handling course. 5.3 move and handle equipment or other objects safely I will demonstrate my competence of moving and handling equipment within the work setting. In my work setting I use both tracking and mobile hoists to move the service users between their beds, commodes, bath, wheelchairs and comfortable living-room chairs. Each service user also has a specialised bed which can be altered in height and resting positions. I confirm that the evidence listed above is my own work and was carried out under the conditions and context specified in the standards.

Rifle vs. Riffle

Rifle vs. Riffle Rifle vs. Riffle Rifle vs. Riffle By Maeve Maddox A reader has a question about the verbs rifle and riffle in relation to papers: One word I so often see misspelled in books is riffle. Authors will say,  He rifled through the papers in the file. More often than not, they do not use riffled. I even see it in bestsellers. Actually, papers may be either rifled (long i) or riffled (short i). The words possibly share an etymology with an ancestor that had such meanings as scratch, scrape, steal, and rob. In Piers Plowman (c. 1400), Langland has the allegorical character Covetousness say, â€Å"I rose when they were asleep and rifled their sacks.† Rifle can be used transitively or intransitively to mean, â€Å"make a thorough search.† Sometimes the phrasal â€Å"rifle through† is used. Crime writers (and police) often have occasion to use the verb rifle when describing the aftermath of a break-in: I sat in the black leather chair and carefully  rifled  through the junk mail, bills, and personal correspondence. A peace group in Cleveland reports a break-in of their offices. Some items of value were taken including computer disks and stamps, others were ignored and the office was rifled. The intruder rifled drawers and files but nothing appeared to have been taken. He rifled through a desk and found a security card to the building’s front door. Drawers and filing cabinets had been rifled through and left open, but no property was initially noticed to be missing. â€Å"To riffle papers† is another thing altogether. In the context of moving paper, riffle means, â€Å"to ruffle in a slight or rippling manner.† Anyone who has ever sat outside to read a newspaper or conventional book has experienced the mild annoyance of having one’s reading interrupted by a breeze: The  breeze riffled the pages  and he held them down and stared at the  drawings, which seemed to come to life on the page. Things other than paper may be riffled: Cool  breezes riffled  through Letos hair as he descended toward the warmer surface. A late-afternoon  breeze riffled  the water out beyond the  lazy  breakers and hustled some candy wrappers down the wet brown beach. A sudden  gust riffled  palm fronds overhead, but nothing else stirred. Another use of riffle is to describe the movement of flicking through papers or cards in such a way as to release the leaves or cards in rapid succession: As the  cards  are held and  riffled, the back design of the  cards  are observed.   The dealers  hands  riffled  the deck, and the  cards  made a smooth, purring noise. With rifle and riffle- as with so much else- context is all. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Apply to, Apply for, and Apply withPeace of Mind and A Piece of One's Mind25 Idioms About Bread and Dessert

Critical Thinking Case Study Essay Example

Critical Thinking Case Study Essay Example Critical Thinking Case Study Paper Critical Thinking Case Study Paper Essay Topic: Critical Thinking Chris had just been promoted as an Executive Assistant for Pat the CEO, Chief Executive Officer, of Faith Community Hospital. Pat had given Chris her very first assignment on her first day of work as an executive assistant and that was to gather information so that Pat can present the issues to the board of directors. Faith Hospital is faced with issues that needed attention and the board of directors must be notified of the issues so that a solution can be remedy to help the hospital stay in business. Chris was to look at the different issues that Pat had informed of her during their first meet and capture only what were the essential issues for the board of directors to know. Some of the strategic overview that Pat requested was to be able to answer the following questions: whats going on right now, what we can do about it, and what we should do about it retrieved from Resource January 28, 2006. Before Pat had informed Chris of the issues that the hospital faces, she was on top of the world even though it was Monday morning and raining. She was just engaged on Saturday will be graduating University of Phoenix on the following Saturday and will also be starting her new position as an executive assistant so there was nothing that can come her way that would let her down. Framing the problem The problem that Faith Hospital is dealing with is the decline of beliefs and spiritual values towards the hospitals missions statement. The hospitals mission states that the mission is to promote the health and well-being of the people in the communities we serve through a comprehensive continuum of services provided in collaboration with the partners who share the same vision and values. retrieved from Resource January 28, 2006. According to Chris, there are fewer community members and partners that know what the hospitals missions are and there are others that have different views and interpretations of what the mission should be. With the different interpretations of the mission the hospital is constantly faced with diverse cases that requires a decision-making solution and techniques to handle. Since the interpretation of the mission varies this attributes to one of the problem that the hospital is faced with such as: patient refusing medical services, do not resuscitate directives, how doctors are responding to the different scenarios and how certain government services and lawsuit affects the hospital. For example, some patients feel that they have the right to refuse certain medical services in which may be due to personal religious beliefs not to accept any medical surgery. On the other hand, there are staff members that refuse to provide certain medical services. This could be because some patients do not have insurance and that the staff is trying to help the hospital not lose any money if they do not provide services to non-insured patient. Another example would be the Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) directives. Some patients do not have their consent in written form so it is difficult for the hospital to abide with the patients wishes. The doctors responds to the hospitals mission in different scenarios in the medical services by abiding by their oath, which is to serve and provide services by putting the patients care first. This can also vary depending on the doctor, as some compassion about the patient and some are passionate about the patients ? right to die. So basically the doctors needs to balance the hospitals mission statement-based on personal belief and how they interpret the mission. On top of all this, the hospital also has to deal with different organizations such as the Child Protective Services. According to Pat, the hospital had a case in the Neo-Natal ward, where the Child Protective Services is in the process of taking custody of the baby and threatening to file charges against us because of the way we provided services or, as they allege, failed to provide services retrieved from Resource January 28, 2006. Another that attributes to the problem is how the media represents the hospital on the headline news that medical errors cause tens of thousands of deaths each year, close to 100,000 in hospitals alone. With that as the external panoramic view, let me paint the picture for you, from the inside, said Pat (Resource). This type of media coverage causes a decrease of the number of patients that the hospital serves every year. With the decrease of patient, that translates to the decrease of revenue for the hospital that affects the hospitals budget. Compare to the prior year the hospital lost 7% of the patient population. The hospital has 28% fixed cost yearly that is required to run the hospital business such as: paying the bills which most likely includes paying the employees, utilities equipment maintenance and serving the people. Some of the data shows that the hospital needs to hold steady at 7863 patients and 39,866 patient days or the hospital will need to reduce fixed cost by 15%. The fixed cost cannot be reduced so if there is decrease in the patient admittance into the hospital for service then the less income the hospital receives. That means the hospital needs decide on cutting the cost on the fixed cost just to break even to keep the hospital running. Some of the tough decisions would be to reduce the hospitals headcount. Solutions To help tackle the issues and problems, Faith hospitals board of director need to sit down and come up with ideas that will help the hospital resolve the issues. Solution One Solution One that I come up to help resolve the problem of maintaining and identifying the hospitals mission clearly is to provide a clear and concise procedures and policies that can be implemented. The policies and procedure has to be learned by all staff so that they can be familiarized with what needs to be done when the staff is faced with various cases. It is very difficult and impossible to write down every single item that the staff must do on certain occasion, as the medical field is unpredictable and nearly impossible to memorize. Staff member should focus and concentrate on important issue and quality care for the patients. The hospital needs to also focus on abiding by law to stay in operation while making the policies and procedures. The hospital cannot refuse care for non-insured patient especially if the patient is faced with a life threatening injury. By refusing care, the hospital will be faced with lawsuits if the patient is to die or cost more harm and injuries. For example, if the DNR is not in a written form, there is no question by the staff members but to provide the medical service needed by the patient. Solution Two Solution two that I can think of is to take a survey of employees according to their personal beliefs of how a patient should be treated and keep this survey on the employees record to ensure that the policies and procedures are clearly understood by everyone. This survey will help the hospital track what percent of the employees understand the hospitals mission. If the percent of the survey falls below 95% from the mission statement then Faith hospital needs to re-train employees in regards to the policies and procedures of the hospital. Solution Three To help improve and increase the number of patients that come to Faith hospital, solution three would be for better marketing of the hospital. If the hospital is market properly to entice patients on why they should go to Faith hospital instead of others then this will help the flow of patients. Advertising through the media such as the quality of service that patient can receive at the hospital will be outstanding, patient commitments and the type community service that the hospital provides. By having more patients should help offset the fixed cost on operating the hospital. Decision Chris needs to outline what type of decision-making techniques the board of directors should use in tackling the issues at Faith hospital and that technique should be dimensional analysis. Dimensional Analysis techniques is a checklist (Jensen, 1978) that relates to Five Ws and H, and is of most use as an aide memoir for initial exploration of a problem or evaluating options, particularly those associated with human relations, rather than of a technical nature retrieved on January 29, 2006, Dimensional Analysis. By identifying the five Ws (Who, What, Where, When) and H (How), this should assist in finding one solution. I think the best solution is the putting the policies and procedures in place. In doing this, employees that serves the hospital will have a clear and concise knowledge of the hospitals mission statement. This will help alleviate the in concision that is happening at the hospital. The five Ws and H can be represented by substantive dimension (Who? ), spatial dimension (where? ), temporal (When? ), quantitative (How much? ), and qualitative (How serious? ). Some of the questions that can be asked are substantive dimension or what asks the question like Is it necessary to change attitudes or practices? Another is spatial dimension or who, asks the question such as Recognize the exact area concerned. After identifying problem and the effects of it to the hospital, now the Pat can present to the board of directors the solutions that are feasible and achievable. It is not going to be an easy task to get all the board in agreeable to the solution but will help identify all the problems that needs to be resolved and in peoples mind. If the issues are not dealt with, there is a chance that the hospital will lose more money by losing more patients. Without the patients coming into the hospital, the hospital will not be around to serve the community. Like any  businesses, Faith has to earn money to be able to operate and serve customers. The solution that is identified to help with the problem will assist the hospital run a better business. In conclusion, the hospital needs to let the community be aware of the quality service that Faith hospital provides and once the trust from the community comes in this should help balance the budget once the flow of patients start to increase. The board of directors has to come to an agreement on maintaining the mission of the hospital and its survival. Without the mission statement, the hospitals spiritual beliefs and values will fail to exist.

Business - Business Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business - Business Environment - Essay Example Profit and not for-profit organizations are very essential and play important role in U.S economy. Although both have some similarities, they also have differences. For-profit organizations are some of the prime movers of the economy in that they are responsible for a big share of capital generation. For-profit organizations utilize natural, artificial and human resources to generate profits. Most of for-profit organizations are involved in generation of products and services for the population. Notably, for-profit organizations are able to harness and utilize resources at a large scale therefore benefiting from economies of scale. Therefore, they are able to provide goods and services at a low cost. For-profit organizations are responsible for provision of employment to the greatest percentage of the U.S workforce. On the other hand, not for-profit organizations provide human empowerment services to the U.S population without generating profit. They play a pivotal role in economy in that they provide free or affordable services that would otherwise have cost the population a lot of money. Additionally, not for-profit organizations provide employment to approximately 10 percent of U.S workforce. Although they do not necessarily make profit, they provide mechanisms in which money flows through the economy. There are two primary ways in which economy can be regulated. The first one is through fiscal policies and the second one is through monetary policies. Whereas monetary policies are implemented by the central bank, fiscal policies are economic regulations implemented directly by the government. Monetary policies have either short term or long-term effects on the economy. Restrictive monetary policies seek to slow down economic activities to avert a possible inflation in the future. On the other hand, stimulative fiscal policies seek such as reduction in tax, increased spending aim at rejuvenating economic activities. Fiscal policies on the other hand, regulate the economy by use of government regulations that are sourced from acts of congress. This is done through regulation of government spending and tax structures both at federal and state levels. It is assumed that business cycles are controlled by aggregate expenditures. This is mostly reflected on business sector and government spending. Therefore, the government implements policies aimed at controlling the flow of capital in business sector as well as government spending. Therefore, the government controls government purchases or spending and taxes on business sector. This way, the government is able to regulate the economy. Air transport service is one of the most widely used forms of global transport. It accounts for the greatest percentage of inter country transport. Whereas air transport is a lucrative and profitable business, accessing global markets is usually a challenging endeavor. This is because the business rests on different market structures with have different and som etimes, contrasting interests. The most appropriate strategy for accessing global market would be to access the travel and transport needs for different countries in which the air transport service is to be provided. Different cultural and societal needs for all countries need to be assessed. It will thus be possible to access these markets by

Drawing on a discussion of major theoretical perspectives in Essay

Drawing on a discussion of major theoretical perspectives in philisophy, and developing your own philosophical arguments, critic - Essay Example In undertaking this task, the writer is aware that one cannot fully encapsulate in one setting the entirety of the notion of sports, however, it hopes that as the paper continues some of the vagueness that some of the attributes inhering the concept may be clarified and establish a clearer notion of sports. SPORTS: WHAT IS IT? Morgan (1976) has looked into the discussion between Huizinga and Gerber regarding the notion of play, which , in turn paves for the possibility for the ontology of ports. Huizinga looks into sports as play (Morgan, 1976). In this signification, one can see the equivalence that is juxtaposed between sports and play. According to Morgan (1976), for Huizing ,play is â€Å"an irreducible facet of life whose meaning resides within itself and is not, therefore, contingent on any end it is instrumentally employed, quite incidentally and perhaps inauthentically, to bring about† (p. 25). This whole concept offers the supposition that play is something that is â €Å"non-real† and â€Å"non serious†, a â€Å"free activity standing quite consciously outside ordinary life. If this kind of reasoning is pursued and associated with sports considering that there is a presupposition that Huizinga is looking at sports a play, it opens the notion that sport ahs intrinsic value that is or used not because of any extenuating factors that influence the players, but it is engaged in for its own sake. At this point Gerber, argued that there is seeming misunderstanding of the concept of ‘to be’ in Huizinga’s concept of ‘play is nonreal’ (Morgan,1976). She maintains that there is no ontological impossibility in assuming that play is non real since how can a real person be in play and yet at the same time maintain there is ‘non realness’ in the experience. Morgan (1976) untangling g the dilemma, proposes the position that the term ‘to be’ in the statement â€Å"play is non real† is to be understood as not referring to existential ‘is’, but should be understood in the context of the Platonic ‘to be’ which, is a signifier for differentiation and variation but not necessarily referring to existence. This means that the ‘to be’ is not an existential is which denotes the notion that there is no question pertaining to the idea of realness in connection with existing. This position is further supported by the Heideggerian distinction between the ontic and ontology . as a point of clarification, ontic is knowledge base on the actual experience whereas the Heideggerian ontology refers to a prior experience of the phenomenon that allows for the formulation of the criterion that enables one to understand the events not because one has experienced, but because one has extracted from the categories, which makes the phenomenon what it is, and in this sense the phenomenon is play. In this regard, Morgan(1976) has presupposed that Hu izinga has misappropriated the terms ‘non real’ when associated with play in the context that it is justified on the premise of the Heidegerrian ontic sense, yet it s is seeks to provide a way to come out with the ontological validity for the concept of play. Gerber has clearly noted this in the counter argument against Huizinga when she